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Welcoming Fighani:
Imitation and Poetic Individuality in the Safavid-Mughal Ghazal
Paul Losensky
A critical study of medieval biographies traces the dramatic up-and-downs of Fighani's
career and critical reception, showing how he came to be regarded as the founder of two
major schools of Safavid-Mughal poetry. The limitations of the biographical reading of
Fighani's poetry, however, call for an alternative approach to his role in literary
history. This is based on the widespread practice of poetic imitation, known in Persian as
javab or istiqbal. Studying Fighani's responses to his predecessor Amir Khusraw serves to
define Fighani's distinctive poetic style and voice. A comparison of his imitative methods
with those of his contemporary Jami shows how Fighani diverged from the major tendencies
of Timurid-Turkmen poetics. In their responses to Fighani, Safavid-Mughal poets, such as
Naziri, Shapur, and Sa`ib, forged fresh, individual literary voices in an act of creative
imitation, demonstrating how widespread and how diverse Fighani's influence was.
Specifications:
1998: xiv+398pp., appendix, bibl., index.
Bibliotheca Iranica: Literature Series No. 5
ISBN:1-56859-070-9 (cloth): $45.00
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Sands of Oxus
Suppressed Persian
Tarikh-e Engelab
Welcoming Fighani
Yeghishe Charents
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